Self-Perceived Problem-Solving Ability, Stress Appraisal, and Coping over Time

This study examined the effects of self-perceived problem-solving ability on the stress and coping processes as theorized by Lazarus and Folkman (1984). Using a prospective design, 141 undergraduates completed questionnaires in 2-week intervals that measured recent stressful encounters, the cognitive appraisal of each particular event, and subsequent coping strategies. Self-perceived problem-solving ability was measured at Time 1. It was predicted that self-perceived effective problem solvers would consistently see less threat (primary appraisal), perceive more options for coping (secondary appraisal), and use more problem-focused and less emotion-focused coping strategies than self-perceived ineffective problem solvers. Results of separate 2 x 2 repeated-measures MANOVAs supported predictions regarding problem solving and coping, but not those regarding cognitive appraisal. These findings are discussed in regard to theoretical notions of self-perceived problem-solving ability and transactional models of stress appraisal and coping.